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60Chapter 1, Section 1 (Introduction to Computer)
1. Computer Input-work on information-out put
2. Adding machine by Blaise Pascal in 1642 like odometer.
3. Calculating machine by Cottfried Von Leibniz in 1617.
4. Analytical Engine in by Charles Babbagein 1983.
5. Analytical Engine had control unit had capacity 100050 digits.
6. Electronic Numeric Integrator and Calculatorin 1964-University of Pennsylvania.
a. 5000 additions.
b. 9000 tubes.
c. 5000 sq ft.
d. Weight 200 ton.
7. John Newman - Stored program.
8. Types Analog, Digital, Hybrid.
9. Hybrid computer is used as engineering simulator.
10. 1st Generation 1946 - 1957, vacuum tube.
11. 2nd Generation 1958 - 1965.
12. 3rd Generation 1965 - to date
13. Thin film memory 1960.
14. Communication was introduced in 2nd generation.
15. From 1964 to present is 3rd generation.
16. RCA spectra 70 and system 360 are in 3rd generation.
17. Burroughs 500 series – 3rd Generation.
18. B – 3500, B – 4700, B – 500 are 3rd generation.
19. IBM 360/370 was 3rd generation.
20. Early Minis were 16 kb memory and 25000 $.
21. 90 type of Minis made by 50 manufacturers.
22. Processors are made from silicon.
23. Microprocessors are evolved by transistors.
24. Z – 80 and 6502 are processors models.
25. 4 bits are equal to one nibble.
26. Processors were enhanced from 4 bit to 8 bit.
27. Typical Microcomputers have normally 64000 characters.
28. Processors must have I/O connectors.
Chapter 2, Section 1( Computer Terminology)
1. Access time interval between Called & Received.
2. Write time interval between Requested & Stored.
3. Alphanumeric Letters and digits.
4. Audit trail is Systematic check of processing.
5. Auxiliary Storage -In addition to main storage.
6. Batch processing is similar transaction for processing in single run.
7. Binary - number system with base 2.
8. Bit - a binary digit.
9. Blocking - combining to or more record.
10. Byte - group of 8 bits.
11. CRT - device (visual) by control electronic beam.
12. CPU - interpretation and execution of instruction.
13. Channel - series of digits.
14. Character - letter, digits, symbols.
15. Check digit, self checking and error detecting code.
16. Chip - transistor or diode from silicon.
17. COBOL – Common Business Oriented Language.
18. Coding – Denoting special meaning.
19. Compiler – conversion of user written program into machine language program.
20. Computer = Input - Execution - Output.
21. Control totals - Financial total, record count.
22. Data - representation in the form of set of information.
23. Database - collection of record.
24. Data element – specific set of information from Data Base.
25. Data item – name of individual, member of set of data.
26. Debug – Trace and eliminate error in program.
27. Density – Number of data stored on tape in particular area.
28. Digital computer, discrete representation, non-tangible.
29. Direct access – access of data independent of location.
30. DOS – Disk Operating System developed by IBM.
31. Dump - live backup for diagnostic & verification.
32. Edit – to modify data.
33. EDP – processing by electronic equipment
34. Feed back loop - to correct/control by output as input.
35. File- collection/set of record.
36. Financial totals – totals of monetary file.
37. Flow Chart – diagram of structure, sequence of operation, data, flow of data, equipment.
38. Fonts – graphic representation of character special size & style.
39. ForTran FORmula TRANslator, language for mathematical operations
40. Generator program, program for automatic program.
41. Hardware – physical devices.
42. Hash Totals- not added fields.
43. Hexadecimal – number system with base 16.
44. Hybrid computer – computer capable to process digit & analog.
45. Inquiry – integration of contents by keyboard.
46. Instruction – statement for any operation.
47. Integrity – accuracy of input, execution, output.
48. Internal storage – permanent linked to computer.
49. Key – character for items or Record.
50. Label – identification of items of data.
51. Logic – Systematic scheme for interactions of signals.
52. Loop – Sequence of instruction executed repetitively.
53. Machine independent – Disregard of machine used.
54. Magnetic ink – particles of magnetic substance.
55. Master file – Source of reference.
56. MICR – Magnetic Ink Character Reader.
57. Microfiche – 4x6 film, to be reduced from 12x to 38x.
58. Microprogramming – Execution of micro-instruction at more elementary level.
59. Multiprogramming – Execution of more programs.
60. Microsecond – One millionth of a second.
61. Millisecond – One thousand of a second.
62. Module – expanded storage.
63. Multiplex – Transmit more messages simultaneously.
64. Multiprocessing – simultaneously execution at more instruction.
65. Nanosecond – One billionth of second.
66. Object programmed – machine / object language program.
67. Pico second – one trillionth of a second.
68. Privacy – Right to share or denial to share.
69. Procedure – Course of action / sequence of instruction.
70. Program – set of instruction.
71. Queue – list of job to be run.
72. RAM – memory that can be read and written randomly.
73. Random access – Access independent of location.
74. ROM – Storage from where information can be read only.
75. Real Time – in time availability of information to be executed.
76. Working storage – Main storage / processor.
